⽬的：研製骨科護⼠幫扶需求的評估量表，並檢驗其信效度。⽅法：以供給需求為理論基礎，通過⽂獻分析法、專家會議法、專家函詢法擬定初始量表。採⽤⽅便抽樣法，於 2024 年 6 ⽉至 12 ⽉對湖南省內 27 家⼆級醫院的 1,072 名骨科護⼠進⾏問卷調查。應⽤專案分析、信度分析及效度分析對條⽬進⾏調整修訂，形成最終版量表。結果：骨科護⼠幫扶需求評估量表共 39 個條⽬，包括專科理論知識、專科技術、綜合能⼒三個維度。最終版量表總條⽬的 Cronbach’s ɑ 係數為 0.922、重測信度為 0.874。量表三個維度的 Cronbach’s ɑ 係數分別為 0.912、0.947、0.906︔重測信度分別為 0.896、0.843、0.884。各條⽬的內容效度指數為 0.800~1.000，平均內容效度指數為 0.897，累計⽅差貢獻率為 87.409%。驗證性因⼦分析結果顯⽰卡⽅／⾃由度比為 3.8，近似誤差均⽅根為 0.078，修正後擬合優度指數 0.911，擬合優度指數 0.885，比較擬合指數為 0.892。結論：該研究編制的骨科護⼠幫扶需求評估量表具有良好的信度和效度，為中國內地三級醫療機構骨科護⼠對⼆級醫療機構骨科護⼠的幫扶指導提供參考和科學數據，通過產⽣的科學數據，進⾏幫扶需求的精準識別、優化資源的配置與幫扶效果。

Objective: To develop an assessment questionnaire for orthopedic nurses' support needs and test its reliability and validity. Methods: Based on the supply-demand model, an initial questionnaire was developed through literature analysis, expert consultation, and expert correspondence. Using convenience sampling, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,072 orthopedic nurses from 27 secondary hospitals in the study area of Hunan Province between June and December 2024. Items were adjusted and revised using item analysis, reliability analysis, and validity analysis to produce the final questionnaire. Result: The Orthopedic Nurses' Needs Assessment Questionnaire consists of 39 items, encompassing three dimensions: specialist theoretical knowledge, specialist skills, and comprehensive ability. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total items was 0.922, and the test-retest reliability was 0.874. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the three dimensions were 0.912, 0.947, and 0.906, respectively, with test-retest reliability of 0.896, 0.843, and 0.884, respectively. The content validity index for each item ranged from 0.800 to 1.000, with an average content validity index of 0.897 and a cumulative variance contribution of 87.409%. Confirmatory factor analysis results showed a chi-square/degree of freedom ratio of 3.8, a root mean square error of approximation of 0.078, a corrected goodness-of-fit index of 0.911, a goodness-of-fit index of 0.885, and a comparative fit index of 0.892. Conclusion: The questionnaire developed in this study to assess the support needs of orthopedic nurses demonstrates good reliability and validity, providing a reference and scientific data for orthopedic nurses in tertiary medical institutions in mainland China to provide support and guidance to orthopedic nurses in secondary medical institutions. Furthermore, the resulting scientific data can help accurately identify support needs, optimize resource allocation, and dynamically evaluate support effectiveness.